Academic Publications
My Publications
2024
Perera, PLRA; Perera, WPRT; Sakunthala, KADD; Premaratne, WAPJ; Liyanage, JA
In: Journal of Multidisciplinary and Translational Research (JMTR), vol. 9, iss. 1, 2024, ISSN: 3051-5262.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Arsenic, Bioaccumulation, chronic kidney disease, ckd, CKDu, Contamination, E. suratensis;, Etroplus suratensis, Heavy metals, Inland Fish
@article{Perera2024d,
title = {Heavy metal bioaccumulation in Etroplus suratensis residing in inland rivers and Amblygaster sirm in marine habitats in Sri Lanka: A comparative study},
author = {PLRA Perera and WPRT Perera and KADD Sakunthala and WAPJ Premaratne and JA Liyanage},
url = {https://rajithperera.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/jmtr_24_102-2.pdf},
doi = {10.4038/jmtr.v9i1.18},
issn = { 3051-5262},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-06-30},
urldate = {2024-06-30},
journal = {Journal of Multidisciplinary and Translational Research (JMTR)},
volume = {9},
issue = {1},
abstract = {Inland and marine fish are primary protein sources of the Sri Lankan diet. Prolonged consumption of contaminated fish can cause critical health implications such as chronic kidney disease (CKDu). This study investigates the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in edible fish from inland rivers and coastal regions using Etroplus suratensis residing in inland rivers and Amblygaster sirm in marine habitats in Sri Lanka for the analysis. Inland fish samples were collected from Nikawewa and Mahakandarawa tanks in Kurunagala and Anuradhapura districts, respectively, while marine fish samples were collected from the coastal region near Trincomalee harbour. The analysis of heavy metal/ metalloid (i.e., Pb, Cr, As, Cd, and Ni) contents in fish samples revealed that muscle tissues of inland fish samples had significantly higher levels of Pb and Cr, exceeding the Maximum Permissible Limits (MPL). In contrast, marine fish exhibited negligible amounts of heavy metals across all tissues. Health risk assessments indicated that the Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Total Hazard Quotient (THQ), and Carcinogenic Risk (CR) values for Pb and Cr in inland fish were significantly higher than those in marine fish, suggesting potential health risks. One-way ANOVA and Tukey's pairwise comparisons confirmed significant (p < 0.05) geographical and tissue-specific variations in heavy metal concentrations. Inland regions showed higher contamination levels than coastal regions. Gut tissues generally had the highest concentrations of heavy metals, followed by muscle, gill, and liver tissues. These findings underscore that the inland fish samples from the studied regions may pose adverse health effects, emphasizing the need for continuous monitoring and regulation to mitigate heavy metal contamination and safeguard human health.},
keywords = {Arsenic, Bioaccumulation, chronic kidney disease, ckd, CKDu, Contamination, E. suratensis;, Etroplus suratensis, Heavy metals, Inland Fish},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Inland and marine fish are primary protein sources of the Sri Lankan diet. Prolonged consumption of contaminated fish can cause critical health implications such as chronic kidney disease (CKDu). This study investigates the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in edible fish from inland rivers and coastal regions using Etroplus suratensis residing in inland rivers and Amblygaster sirm in marine habitats in Sri Lanka for the analysis. Inland fish samples were collected from Nikawewa and Mahakandarawa tanks in Kurunagala and Anuradhapura districts, respectively, while marine fish samples were collected from the coastal region near Trincomalee harbour. The analysis of heavy metal/ metalloid (i.e., Pb, Cr, As, Cd, and Ni) contents in fish samples revealed that muscle tissues of inland fish samples had significantly higher levels of Pb and Cr, exceeding the Maximum Permissible Limits (MPL). In contrast, marine fish exhibited negligible amounts of heavy metals across all tissues. Health risk assessments indicated that the Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Total Hazard Quotient (THQ), and Carcinogenic Risk (CR) values for Pb and Cr in inland fish were significantly higher than those in marine fish, suggesting potential health risks. One-way ANOVA and Tukey's pairwise comparisons confirmed significant (p < 0.05) geographical and tissue-specific variations in heavy metal concentrations. Inland regions showed higher contamination levels than coastal regions. Gut tissues generally had the highest concentrations of heavy metals, followed by muscle, gill, and liver tissues. These findings underscore that the inland fish samples from the studied regions may pose adverse health effects, emphasizing the need for continuous monitoring and regulation to mitigate heavy metal contamination and safeguard human health.
2023
Perera, PLRA; Perera, WPRT; Liyanage, UP; Premaratne, WAPJ; Liyanage, JA
Distribution of heavy metals across different tissue types in Etroplus suratensis from Mahakanadarawa reservoir: Investigating dietary implications for CKDu in Sri Lanka Proceedings Article
In: International Conference on Applied and Pure Sciences (ICAPS), pp. 54, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2023.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Bioaccumulation, CKDu, Etroplus suratensis, Heavy metals, Inland Fish
@inproceedings{Perera2023,
title = {Distribution of heavy metals across different tissue types in Etroplus suratensis from Mahakanadarawa reservoir: Investigating dietary implications for CKDu in Sri Lanka},
author = {PLRA Perera and WPRT Perera and UP Liyanage and WAPJ Premaratne and JA Liyanage},
url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/374847754_Distribution_of_heavy_metals_across_different_tissue_types_in_Etroplus_suratensis_from_Mahakanadarawa_reservoir_Investigating_dietary_implications_for_CKDu_in_Sri_Lanka},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-10-13},
urldate = {2023-10-13},
booktitle = {International Conference on Applied and Pure Sciences (ICAPS)},
number = {54},
pages = {54},
publisher = {University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka},
abstract = {The escalating cases of chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology (CKDu) in rural communities, especially in the Maradankulama-Mahakandrawa region of Sri Lanka, stipulate a critical public health investigation. Given the significant dietary reliance on Etroplus suratensis due to geographical and logistical complexities in obtaining sea fish, bioaccumulated toxic metals in this species can be a potential risk factor for CKDu. This study investigated the heavy metal content (As, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni) in the gut, gill, and muscle tissues of E. suratensis sourced from the Mahakanadarawa Reservoir in the CKDu endemic Mihintale region. To obtain representative E. suratensis samples from across the Mahakanadarawa Reservoir, fish were collected using a randomized sampling method. Multiple random points within the reservoir were predetermined and fish were caught at each location by local fishermen using appropriate techniques. The captured fish were identified as E. suratensis and 36 samples were separated as gut, gills, and muscles for the toxic metal analysis. The heavy metal content (As, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni) in these samples was then analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). To thoroughly compare metal concentrations across tissue types, the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA test was utilized followed by post-hoc Tukey HSD tests. The non-parametric ANOVA assessed statistically significant differences in metal levels between muscle, gill, and gut tissues. Post-hoc Tukey tests then enabled pairwise comparisons between each tissue type to determine which specific metal concentrations differed. There were significant differences between tissue types for concentrations of As, Cd, Cr and Ni (p<0.001). Post-hoc Tukey tests showed As, Cr, Cd and Ni were significantly higher in gut compared to that of muscle and gill tissues (p<0.05), with the order Gut>Gill>Muscle. Pb did not deviate significantly across tissues, however, mean Pb concentrations exceeded the WHO/FAO permissible limits for dietary intake in all tissues, while Cd remained within acceptable levels. Compared to gut and gills, muscle contained relatively low concentrations of As (0.01±0.01) mg/kg, Cr (0.22±0.03) mg/kg, Pb (0.508±0.36) mg/kg, and Cd (0.015±0.13) mg/kg and Ni (0.06±0.01) Although edible muscle in some samples met regulatory limits, frequent consumption of E. suratensis from this CKDu endemic area may pose a health risk, warranting further study on geographical and seasonal variation. Ultimately, this study contributes to the growing body of evidence suggesting that bioaccumulation of toxic metals in fish poses significant CKDu risk factors.},
keywords = {Bioaccumulation, CKDu, Etroplus suratensis, Heavy metals, Inland Fish},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The escalating cases of chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology (CKDu) in rural communities, especially in the Maradankulama-Mahakandrawa region of Sri Lanka, stipulate a critical public health investigation. Given the significant dietary reliance on Etroplus suratensis due to geographical and logistical complexities in obtaining sea fish, bioaccumulated toxic metals in this species can be a potential risk factor for CKDu. This study investigated the heavy metal content (As, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni) in the gut, gill, and muscle tissues of E. suratensis sourced from the Mahakanadarawa Reservoir in the CKDu endemic Mihintale region. To obtain representative E. suratensis samples from across the Mahakanadarawa Reservoir, fish were collected using a randomized sampling method. Multiple random points within the reservoir were predetermined and fish were caught at each location by local fishermen using appropriate techniques. The captured fish were identified as E. suratensis and 36 samples were separated as gut, gills, and muscles for the toxic metal analysis. The heavy metal content (As, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni) in these samples was then analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). To thoroughly compare metal concentrations across tissue types, the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA test was utilized followed by post-hoc Tukey HSD tests. The non-parametric ANOVA assessed statistically significant differences in metal levels between muscle, gill, and gut tissues. Post-hoc Tukey tests then enabled pairwise comparisons between each tissue type to determine which specific metal concentrations differed. There were significant differences between tissue types for concentrations of As, Cd, Cr and Ni (p<0.001). Post-hoc Tukey tests showed As, Cr, Cd and Ni were significantly higher in gut compared to that of muscle and gill tissues (p<0.05), with the order Gut>Gill>Muscle. Pb did not deviate significantly across tissues, however, mean Pb concentrations exceeded the WHO/FAO permissible limits for dietary intake in all tissues, while Cd remained within acceptable levels. Compared to gut and gills, muscle contained relatively low concentrations of As (0.01±0.01) mg/kg, Cr (0.22±0.03) mg/kg, Pb (0.508±0.36) mg/kg, and Cd (0.015±0.13) mg/kg and Ni (0.06±0.01) Although edible muscle in some samples met regulatory limits, frequent consumption of E. suratensis from this CKDu endemic area may pose a health risk, warranting further study on geographical and seasonal variation. Ultimately, this study contributes to the growing body of evidence suggesting that bioaccumulation of toxic metals in fish poses significant CKDu risk factors.