Rajith Perera

@inproceedings{Perera2023,

title = {Distribution of heavy metals across different tissue types in Etroplus suratensis from Mahakanadarawa reservoir: Investigating dietary implications for CKDu in Sri Lanka},

author = {PLRA Perera and WPRT Perera and UP Liyanage and WAPJ Premaratne and JA Liyanage},

url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/374847754_Distribution_of_heavy_metals_across_different_tissue_types_in_Etroplus_suratensis_from_Mahakanadarawa_reservoir_Investigating_dietary_implications_for_CKDu_in_Sri_Lanka},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-10-13},

urldate = {2023-10-13},

booktitle = {International Conference on Applied and Pure Sciences (ICAPS)},

number = {54},

pages = {54},

publisher = {University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka},

abstract = {The escalating cases of chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology (CKDu) in rural communities, especially in the Maradankulama-Mahakandrawa region of Sri Lanka, stipulate a critical public health investigation. Given the significant dietary reliance on Etroplus suratensis due to geographical and logistical complexities in obtaining sea fish, bioaccumulated toxic metals in this species can be a potential risk factor for CKDu. This study investigated the heavy metal content (As, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni) in the gut, gill, and muscle tissues of E. suratensis sourced from the Mahakanadarawa Reservoir in the CKDu endemic Mihintale region. To obtain representative E. suratensis samples from across the Mahakanadarawa Reservoir, fish were collected using a randomized sampling method. Multiple random points within the reservoir were predetermined and fish were caught at each location by local fishermen using appropriate techniques. The captured fish were identified as E. suratensis and 36 samples were separated as gut, gills, and muscles for the toxic metal analysis. The heavy metal content (As, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni) in these samples was then analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). To thoroughly compare metal concentrations across tissue types, the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA test was utilized followed by post-hoc Tukey HSD tests. The non-parametric ANOVA assessed statistically significant differences in metal levels between muscle, gill, and gut tissues. Post-hoc Tukey tests then enabled pairwise comparisons between each tissue type to determine which specific metal concentrations differed. There were significant differences between tissue types for concentrations of As, Cd, Cr and Ni (p<0.001). Post-hoc Tukey tests showed As, Cr, Cd and Ni were significantly higher in gut compared to that of muscle and gill tissues (p<0.05), with the order Gut>Gill>Muscle. Pb did not deviate significantly across tissues, however, mean Pb concentrations exceeded the WHO/FAO permissible limits for dietary intake in all tissues, while Cd remained within acceptable levels. Compared to gut and gills, muscle contained relatively low concentrations of As (0.01±0.01) mg/kg, Cr (0.22±0.03) mg/kg, Pb (0.508±0.36) mg/kg, and Cd (0.015±0.13) mg/kg and Ni (0.06±0.01) Although edible muscle in some samples met regulatory limits, frequent consumption of E. suratensis from this CKDu endemic area may pose a health risk, warranting further study on geographical and seasonal variation. Ultimately, this study contributes to the growing body of evidence suggesting that bioaccumulation of toxic metals in fish poses significant CKDu risk factors.},

keywords = {Bioaccumulation, CKDu, Etroplus suratensis, Heavy metals, Inland Fish},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{P2023,

title = {Toxic metal contamination of Inland Fish (Etroplus suratensis) in Mahakanadarawa reservoir: A study in a CKDu prevalent area, Sri Lanka},

author = {Lahiru P and WPRT Perera and PLRA Perera and JA Liyanage and WAPJ Premaratne},

url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/365029106_TOXIC_METAL_CONTAMINATION_OF_INLAND_FISH_Etroplus_suratensis_IN_MAHAKANADARAWA_RESERVOIR_A_STUDY_IN_A_CKDu_PREVALENT_AREA_SRI_LANKA},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-10-10},

urldate = {2023-10-10},

booktitle = {PGIS Research Congress, 2022 (RESCON)},

volume = {2022},

number = {64},

pages = {14},

address = {Sri Lanka},

organization = {University of Peradeniya},

abstract = {Fish is a great source of protein, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), lipo-soluble vitamins, and essential minerals. Meanwhile, people who live in the dry zone of Sri Lanka consume inland fish species collected from irrigation reservoirs. Toxic metals tend to accumulate in fish; thus, it is important to investigate the safety of the consumption of inland fish. This study evaluated the toxic metal contamination status of the edible fish (Etroplus suratensis) in the Mahakanadarawa tank and assessed the risk of fish consumption. Mihintale Divisional Secretariat Division was identified as a major CKDu-prone area in the Anuradhapura District. Mahakanadarawa tank is a major fishing source in the area. Fifteen E. suratensis samples were collected from the Mahakanadarawa tank in April 2022. The fish muscle parts, gut, and gills were removed, stored in sterile polyethylene bags, and kept at 4°C during transport. The concentration of metal elements, including Mn, Co, As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn, Al, Fe, and Ni, was determined in an acid-digested sample using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The average contents of the nephrotoxic heavy metals/metalloids such as As, Cd, Pb, and Cr in the gut tissues of E. suratensis had reported elevated values compared to other tissue parts (gills and muscle). The average Pb content in the tissues of the gills, muscles, and gut of E. suratensis exceeded the permissible limits given by WHO/FAO. Average Cd contents did not exceed the permissible level in all analyzed tissue types, while average Zn and Cu levels have also complied with the WHO/FAO standard limits. The edible part of the fish consisted of an average of As = 0.01(±0.01) mg/kg, Cr = 0.22 (±0.03) mg/kg, Mn = 1.19 (± 0.36) mg/kg, and Al = 180.8 (±137.0) mg/kg. Even small amounts of toxic metals are reported in edible tissues of the E. suratensis; long-term consumption of fish may generate a negative health effect on consumers. Further risk assessment of toxic metals in E. suratensis in different reservoirs, including reference areas (CKDu-non-endemic areas), needs to be investigated in future studies.},

keywords = {CKDu, Contamination, E. suratensis;, Heavy metals, Inland Fish},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}