Rajith Perera

@inproceedings{Gunathilka2023,

title = {Toxic metal contamination in food chains via paddy plant; A study in CKDu endemic area in North Western Province, Sri Lanka},

author = {VHNM Gunathilka and WPRT Perera and PLRA Perera and CC Kadigamuwa and JA Liyanage and WAPJ Premaratne},

url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/377600053_Toxic_metal_contamination_in_food_chains_via_paddy_plant_A_study_in_CKDu_endemic_area_in_North_Western_Province_Sri_Lanka



https://conf.kln.ac.lk/iprc/media/attachments/2024/01/23/abstract-volume-2023.pdf},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-11-24},

volume = {23},

number = {22},

issue = {2023},

pages = {31},

publisher = {International Postgraduate Research Conference (IPRC)},

address = {Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka},

organization = {University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka},

abstract = {This study addresses the urgent need for a comprehensive risk assessment of toxic metal contamination in the food chain via paddy plants in CKDu-affected areas emphasizing the health hazards associated with the transfer of toxic metals from soil to paddy grains and evaluating the health risk of consuming rice through different risk indices. Twenty composite paddy soil samples and twenty paddy plant samples with rice grains in the exact locations were collected from paddy areas in Nikawewa Grama Niladhari division during the Maha growing cycle in 2023. The analysis of Cr, Pb, As, Cd, Ni, and Cu was conducted using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Descriptive statistics revealed the average metal concentrations in rice grains as: Cr(637.42±157.44 µg/Kg), Pb(262 ±62.35 µg/Kg), As(39.29±11.97 µg/Kg), Cd(1836±192 µg/Kg), and Cu(1567 ±466 µg/Kg). Cr, As, and Cu levels in rice grains remained within WHO/FAO and codex limits. However, average Pb and Cd levels surpassed permissible limits (Pb-200 µg/Kg, Cd-50 µg/Kg; WHO). Nevertheless, the Target hazard quotient(THQ) values of Cr and Cd were greater than 1. The estimated Daily Intake(EDI) values of Cr(3.15 µg/Kg/Day) and Cd(9.15 µg/Kg/Day) are higher than Tolerable Daily Intake(TDI) values. The transfer factors(TF) for toxic metals in the soil-root system were determined as follows: Cr-0.069, Pb-0.30, As-0.67, Cd-0.49, Ni-0.10, Cu-0.23. Toxic metal transfer factors in the soil-root system were evaluated, indicating greater uptake by plant roots. When considering a metal transfer from roots to rice grains, Cd had a transfer factor greater than 1, indicating potential accumulation in grains, while Cr exhibited a notable increase in transfer factor compared to the soil-root system. The risk of toxic metal transfer from soil to paddy grains warrants concern due to potential human exposure and related health risks, including Chronic Kidney Disease, from the consumption of contaminated rice grains.},

keywords = {Contamination, Food Chain, Heavy metals, paddy soil, Risk assessment},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Perera2023c,

title = {Assessment of contaminant levels of hazardous toxic metals and subsequent risk analysis in agricultural soil and selected comestibles within a region afflicted by CKDu in Sri Lanka},

author = {MASN Perera and CC Kadigamuwa and VHNM Gunathilka and GA Samaraweera and WPRT Perera and PLRA Perera and JA Liyanage and WAPJ Premaratne},

url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/374847819_Assessment_of_contaminant_levels_of_hazardous_toxic_metals_and_subsequent_risk_analysis_in_agricultural_soil_and_selected_comestibles_within_a_region_afflicted_by_CKDu_in_Sri_Lanka},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-10-13},

booktitle = {International Conference on Applied and Pure Sciences (ICAPS)},

number = {55},

pages = {55},

publisher = {University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka},

abstract = {Agricultural commodities constitute a pivotal component of the human daily sustenance, yet they are susceptible to contamination by pernicious heavy metals, notably Hg, Cd, Pb, and As. Consequently, agricultural products represent a substantive source of apprehension for human well-being and health. This study aims to evaluate related risk indices of agricultural soils (n=25) and selected comestible grains, namely Oryza sativa (n=25), Vigna radiata (n=25), Vigna unguiculata (n=25), and Vigna unguiculata subsp. (n=25), within the endemic region of Nikawewa Grama Niladhari Division (GND) in North Western Province (NWP) and the reference region, Wewagedara GND in NWP where no evidence for Chronic Kidney Disease of unknown etiology (CKDu). The concentrations of metals in the collected samples were determined by using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and based on that risk indices were calculated. The mean geo-accumulation index (Igeo) for four metals in soil was As-0.82, Cd-1.47, Cu-0.91, and Pb 1.31. That indicates no anthropogenic activities related to As, Cd and Cu while Pb is responsible for moderate pollution in endemic area. Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) values for these heavy metals were calculated with respect to the all grains. EDI means of As and Pb in the endemic and the reference areas for all grain samples were within the Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) set by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (As-0.300 g/kg/day) and World Health Organization (WHO) (Pb-3.600 g/kg/day) while Cd (EDI in endemic area; Oryza sativa-6.385 g/kg/day, Vigna unguiculata-3.386 g/kg/day and Vigna unguiculata subsp.-3.866 g/kg/day) highly exceeded the tolerable weekly intake (TWI) of European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) (Cd-2.5 g/kg/week) in both areas. EDI of Cr in rice samples (1.138 g/kg/day) in endemic area exceeded the TDI set by EFSA (1.0 g/kg/day) and all other values of Cr were below the TDI in both areas. According to the USEPA (intolerable cancer risk (CR)-> 1 x 10-4) cancer risk exist for all these staple grains. Igeo of Pb in the soil, raising concerns about their bioavailability and uptake by the food crops and EDI were indicated the long-term consumption of these foods especially Oryza sativa poses a serious threat to human health. Implementing proper soil management practices, monitoring heavy metal levels in crops, and raising public awareness about safe consumption practices are crucial steps towards mitigating the risk of CKDu.},

keywords = {CKDu, Heavy metals, Parbolic Rice, Risk assessment},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}