Rajith Perera

@inproceedings{Perera2023c,

title = {Assessment of contaminant levels of hazardous toxic metals and subsequent risk analysis in agricultural soil and selected comestibles within a region afflicted by CKDu in Sri Lanka},

author = {MASN Perera and CC Kadigamuwa and VHNM Gunathilka and GA Samaraweera and WPRT Perera and PLRA Perera and JA Liyanage and WAPJ Premaratne},

url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/374847819_Assessment_of_contaminant_levels_of_hazardous_toxic_metals_and_subsequent_risk_analysis_in_agricultural_soil_and_selected_comestibles_within_a_region_afflicted_by_CKDu_in_Sri_Lanka},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-10-13},

booktitle = {International Conference on Applied and Pure Sciences (ICAPS)},

number = {55},

pages = {55},

publisher = {University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka},

abstract = {Agricultural commodities constitute a pivotal component of the human daily sustenance, yet they are susceptible to contamination by pernicious heavy metals, notably Hg, Cd, Pb, and As. Consequently, agricultural products represent a substantive source of apprehension for human well-being and health. This study aims to evaluate related risk indices of agricultural soils (n=25) and selected comestible grains, namely Oryza sativa (n=25), Vigna radiata (n=25), Vigna unguiculata (n=25), and Vigna unguiculata subsp. (n=25), within the endemic region of Nikawewa Grama Niladhari Division (GND) in North Western Province (NWP) and the reference region, Wewagedara GND in NWP where no evidence for Chronic Kidney Disease of unknown etiology (CKDu). The concentrations of metals in the collected samples were determined by using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and based on that risk indices were calculated. The mean geo-accumulation index (Igeo) for four metals in soil was As-0.82, Cd-1.47, Cu-0.91, and Pb 1.31. That indicates no anthropogenic activities related to As, Cd and Cu while Pb is responsible for moderate pollution in endemic area. Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) values for these heavy metals were calculated with respect to the all grains. EDI means of As and Pb in the endemic and the reference areas for all grain samples were within the Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) set by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (As-0.300 g/kg/day) and World Health Organization (WHO) (Pb-3.600 g/kg/day) while Cd (EDI in endemic area; Oryza sativa-6.385 g/kg/day, Vigna unguiculata-3.386 g/kg/day and Vigna unguiculata subsp.-3.866 g/kg/day) highly exceeded the tolerable weekly intake (TWI) of European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) (Cd-2.5 g/kg/week) in both areas. EDI of Cr in rice samples (1.138 g/kg/day) in endemic area exceeded the TDI set by EFSA (1.0 g/kg/day) and all other values of Cr were below the TDI in both areas. According to the USEPA (intolerable cancer risk (CR)-> 1 x 10-4) cancer risk exist for all these staple grains. Igeo of Pb in the soil, raising concerns about their bioavailability and uptake by the food crops and EDI were indicated the long-term consumption of these foods especially Oryza sativa poses a serious threat to human health. Implementing proper soil management practices, monitoring heavy metal levels in crops, and raising public awareness about safe consumption practices are crucial steps towards mitigating the risk of CKDu.},

keywords = {CKDu, Heavy metals, Parbolic Rice, Risk assessment},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Kumari2022,

title = {Investigation of Toxic Metals in Parboiled Rice Grown in Anuradhapura District},

author = {MKJK Kumari and WAPJ Premaratne and PLRA Perera and WPRT Perera and JA Liyanage},

url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/366701095_Investigation_of_Toxic_Metals_in_Parboiled_Rice_Grown_in_Anuradhapura_District},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-11-10},

urldate = {2022-11-10},

booktitle = {International Conference on Innovation and Emerging Technologies (ICIET)},

volume = {2022},

pages = {122},

address = {Sri Lanka},

organization = {University of Sri Jayewardenepura},

abstract = {Parboiling is the most common processing method used in the rice industry, which affects on quality of rice. This study was designed to determine the levels of toxic metals such as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in rice grown in Anuradhapura district (AD) which was identified as one of the high chronic kidney diseases of unknown etiology (CKDu) prevalent areas in North Central province, Sri Lanka. A total of 70 parboiled rice samples were obtained from six areas in AD. The levels of As, Cd, and Pb were determined using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) followed by microwave acid digestion. Except for Pb, levels of As, and Cd in all rice samples were lower than the maximum permissible limits (As-200 µg/kg and Cd-400 µg/kg) given by the FAO/WHO. The mean Pb level of rice samples collected from some areas exceeded the FAO/WHO allowable limits (Pb-200 µg/kg). Rambewa area has reported 1122 µg/kg mean Pb content in the rice samples. The highest mean value for As was recorded as 95 µg/kg in Kahatagasdigiliya area. The highest Cd level was recorded in Rambewa area as 65 µg/kg. The highest estimated weekly Pb intake was recorded as 39 µg/kg body weight. The highest estimated weekly As and Cd intakes were recorded as 3 µg/kg body weight and 2 µg/kg body weight. The estimated weekly metal intake values are also significantly lower than the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) (Pb-5 µg/kg body weight, Cd-7 µg/kg body weight, and As-15µg/kg body weight) except for Pb in Rambewa area. Contamination of the Pb, As, and Cd in rice grains may occur via transfer from the paddy soil. Therefore, the parboiled rice may contribute to generating adverse health risks via metal toxicity of the residents in selected CKDu prevalent areas.},

keywords = {CKDu, Parbolic Rice, Toxic Metals},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{mkjk2022bioaccumulation,

title = {Bioaccumulation of toxic metals in Oryza sativa grown in North Central Province in Sri Lanka},

author = {MKJK Kumari and WAPJ Premaratne and PLRA Perera and WPRT Perera and JA Liyanage},

url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/361999369_Bioaccumulation_of_toxic_metals_in_Oryza_sativa_grown_in_North_Central_Province_in_Sri_Lanka},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-06-01},

urldate = {2022-01-01},

booktitle = {International Symposium on Agriculture and Environment(ISAE)},

volume = {2022},

pages = {32},

publisher = {University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka},

abstract = {This study was carried out to assess the levels of heavy metals such as Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), and Lead (Pb) in domestically grown rice sold in North Central Province (NCP) which is identified as a high CKDu prevalent area in Sri Lanka. Based on eight paddy areas, thirty Oryza sativa composite samples were collected in each selected Divisional Secretariat (DS) area in NCP. Samples were subjected to microwave digestion process and As, Cd and Pb analysis were carried out by the ICP-MS. The mean Pb levels in domestically grown rice were significantly higher than the FAO/WHO allowable limits (Pb-200 µg/kg) in most of the DS areas. Among selected DS areas, the Padaviya DS area has highlighted reporting 2815 µg/kg mean Pb content in the rice samples. However, none of the mean values of As and Cd in rice samples in selected areas have exceeded the FAO/WHO allowable limits (As-200 µg/kg, Cd-400 µg/kg). The Highest Cd contamination was reported in Higurakgoda and Padaviya DS areas and the values were 106.69 µg/kg, 105.69 µg/kg, respectively. The highest mean value of as was reported in the Kebithigollewa DS area and it was 49.75 µg/kg. The values of estimated daily intake (EDI) of the analyzed metals were also very far below than the Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) (Pb-250 µg/day, Cd-62 µg/day, As-3 µg/day). Owing to high Pb content in domestically grown rice samples in selected areas, long term consumption of rice causes to accumulate the Pb in body tissues and generates a health risk of residents in selected CKDu affected areas in NCP.},

keywords = {CKDu, Contamination, Parbolic Rice, Toxic Metals},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}